Chapter 5 - Populations

5.1 How Populations Grow

Case Study - Sea Otter Fur Trade

Geographic Range - the area where a poulation lives

Growth rate - how the population size changes

• Positive = increasing
• Negative = decreasing
• Zero = staying the same

Density - number of individuals in an area

Distribution- how they are spaced (clumped, random, uniform)

Age Structure Diagrams - compare population at each age group (rapid, slow, stable)

Data Analysis - population of sea otters in British Columbia (graph analysis)

Population Growth = Birth rate minus Death Rate and Immigration minus emigration

Emigration - movement out of a population | Immigration - movement into the population

Exponential growth

• occurs under ideal condtions
• J-shaped curve
• population increases quickly

Logistic growth

• growth slows or stops
• S-shaped curvie
• population at carrying capacity

5.2 Limits to Growth

Density-dependent factors (competition, disease, overcrowding, food availability)

Density-independent factors (random events, natural disasters)

Predator Prey Relationships

• populations fluctuate (go up and down)
• wolf and moose

5.3 Human Population Growth

Populations tend to increase (rate of increase changes over time)

Population distribution - where human populations are concentrated (major cities, states)

Demography - study of populations

Demographic transition - dramatic change in population caused by lower birth rates

Age Structure Diagrams - show the size of different age groups

Measuring Population Size

• Mark and Recapture
• Random Sampling

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Classroom Activities and Resources

Limiting Factors and Carrying Capacity (Key, TpT)

Estimating Population Size with Random Sampling (Key, TpT)

Lesson of the Kaibab - graph analysis

Whooping Crane Popoulation - graph and data analysis

Reinforcement: Populations - vocabulary practice